Peer-to-peer electricity and carbon trading in a multi-microgrid system with bilateral carbon responsibility allocation

Ni-Ke Liu, Zhi-Yu Xu, Yuan-Bo Zhang, Ya-Xin Tan

Abstract

Against the backdrop of global decarbonization, the integration of electricity and carbon markets has attracted increasing attention for its potential to improve the sustainability of power systems. A novel bi-level optimization framework is proposed for peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity and carbon trading in a multi-microgrid (MMG) system embedded in a distribution network, where grid security and fair carbon responsibility allocation are jointly considered. At the upper level, an optimal scheduling model for the distribution network is formulated to maintain network stability and improve operational efficiency under network constraints. To capture the dynamic carbon emission characteristics of the MMG system, a flow-based bilateral carbon responsibility allocation method is developed to provide a more refined and balanced allocation of carbon responsibility between the producer and consumer sides. At the lower level, a Nash bargaining-based mechanism is designed for P2P electricity and carbon trading, through which intra-microgrid scheduling and inter-microgrid trading strategies are jointly optimized and the cooperative surplus is fairly distributed. Owing to its nonconvex and nonlinear structure, the bargaining model is decomposed into two subproblems and solved in a distributed manner using the consensus alternating direction method of multipliers. Case studies based on a modified IEEE 33-bus distribution system show that the proposed framework reduces the total social cost by 27.92%, 9.15%, and 6.35% compared with centralized trading, CDA-based P2P trading and non-cooperative P2P trading respectively, while maintaining network safety and achieving the lowest actual carbon emissions.

Source: semanticscholar

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